Thirty instruments.
Thirty-seven years.
Pipe organs of mechanical action, built one at a time in Ooltewah, Tennessee.
- Action
- Mechanical (tracker)
- Principals
- Ralph Richards · Bruce Fowkes
- Instruments
- Thirty, Opus 1 – Opus 32
The key is joined to the valve by a strip of wood.
Every organ that leaves this shop has mechanical action: a tracker runs from the key, through rollers and squares, to the pallet under the pipe. Nothing electric stands between the finger and the wind. The player feels the valve open.
Scale, voicing and stoplist are settled instrument by instrument — “which answer directly to the logistical needs of the institution or the liturgical needs of the congregation,” as the builders put it. So is the case: its height, its finish, its decoration.
- Pitch
- a′ = 440 Hz — Opus 26
- Temperament
- Quarter-comma meantone with three subsemitones — Opus 26
- Wind pressure
- 87 mm — Opus 15, University of Tennessee
- Casework
- White oak · waxed douglas fir · polychrome and water gilt · faux bois
- Largest
- Opus 24 — three manuals and pedal, 58 stops, Christ Church Cathedral, Cincinnati
D♯ and E♭ are not the same note.
In quarter-comma meantone the thirds are pure and the sharps and flats part company. Opus 26, in the All Saints’ Chapel at Trinity Church, Wall Street, keeps both: three subsemitones — D♯/E♭, G♯/A♭ and A♯/B♭ — each chosen by its own mechanical lever.
Throw a lever
Sharps selected — D♯ · G♯ · A♯
Three levers, three choices. An organist tuned to equal temperament never has to make them; on this instrument the decision is mechanical, and it is made before the first chord.
Every instrument, in the order it was built.
- 01GreenwichCT
- 02Mercer UniversityGA
- 03Mercer UniversityGA
- 04CollegedaleTN
- 05StamfordCT
- 06ChattanoogaTN
- 07Westminster Presbyterian, KnoxvilleTN
- 08Rocky MountNC
- 09AtlantaGA
- 10First Lutheran, BostonMA
- 11EssexCT
- 12Christ Church, New BrunswickNJ
- 13The First Church of DeerfieldMA
- 14Pinnacle Presbyterian, ScottsdaleAZ
- 15University of Tennessee, KnoxvilleTN
- 16Duke University, DurhamNC
- 17DallasTX
- 18St George’s, Hanover Square, LondonUK
- 19ClevelandOH
- 20House organ—
- 21Somers Congregational UCCCT
- 22Village Presbyterian, Prairie VillageKS
- 23Calvary Church, StoningtonCT
- 24Christ Church Cathedral, CincinnatiOH
- 25St Andrew’s Episcopal, Ann ArborMI
- 26Trinity Church, All Saints’ Chapel, New YorkNY
- 27For sale—
- 28IndianapolisIN
- 29DurhamNC
- 30Brown UniversityRI
- 31BellinghamWA
- 32MinneapolisMN
The case answers the room, not the catalogue.





The first American-built organ in a London church.
St George’s, Hanover Square — one of the churches raised under the New Churches in London and Westminster Act 1710, and Handel’s parish church — took Opus 18 from a shop in Hamilton County, Tennessee.
- Opus
- 18
- Church
- St George’s, Hanover Square, London
- Position
- Gallery, above the west door
- On record
- “Recital in Handel’s Church”

7821 Old Lee Highway.
Address
Richards, Fowkes & Co.
7821 Old Lee Highway
Ooltewah, Tennessee 37363
Telephone
Office
Builders
